Woodrow Wilson"The Schoolmaster in Politics"

Thomas Woodrow Wilson was born December 28, 1856. He earned a Ph.D. in political science from Johns Hopkins (the only U.S. president to hold a doctorate) and served as president of Princeton University before entering politics as Governor of New Jersey. He won the presidency in 1912, and his two terms (1913–1921) included major progressive reforms like the creation of the Federal Reserve and the income tax, U.S. entry into World War I, and his push for the League of Nations afterward — a peace effort that earned him the Nobel Peace Prize in 1919, though the U.S. Senate ultimately refused to join the League he championed. In 1919, he suffered a severe stroke that left him partially incapacitated for the rest of his term, with his wife Edith Wilson managing many day-to-day presidential duties in a controversial and little-publicized arrangement.