James F. Byrnes

1882–1972 · Supreme Court seat #81 · 1941–1942 · SC

James F. Byrnes served barely a year on the Court, the shortest tenure of the 20th century, before resigning at FDR's request to help direct the wartime economy — he later became Secretary of State under Truman, one of very few people to hold major roles in all three branches of government.